Activity 3.12
Join the ideas with substitution. Rewrite the second sentence using the words in brackets.
- The graph compares four ways to deal with waste. The most popular ways to deal
with waste were burying and recycling. [ONES]
Answer: The graph compares four ways to deal with waste. The most popular ones were burying and recycling.
- The hot water passes around the house. After it has passed around the house, it is cool and needs to be heated again. [DO SO]
Answer
The hot water passes around the house. After it has done so, it is cool and needs to be heated again.
- The second chart shows car sales by colour. Surprisingly, the highest-selling colour was white. [ONE]
Answer
The second chart shows car sales by colour. Surprisingly, the highest-selling one was white.
- There were two periods when imports exceeded exports. Imports exceeded exports
in 2007, and again in 2011. [THIS+ BE SO]
Answer
There were two periods when imports exceeded exports. This was so in 2007, and
again in 2011.
- The first chart shows the salaries of five different industries. The highest-paid industries were health care and legal services. [ONES]
Answer
The first chart shows the salaries of five different industries. The highest-paid ones were health care and legal services.
- The satisfaction rate dropped in 1995 and 2000. It fell again in 2003, but only
slightly. [DO SO]
Answer
The satisfaction rate dropped in 1995 and 2000. It did so again in 2003, but only slightly.
Another kind of substitution is replacing a group of specific things with a more general word. This helps you summarise data, and can improve your IELTS band score. For example:
NOT SO GOOD
Black was the highest-rated by men (at 80 per cent), while women preferred silver (at 55 per cent). However, black and silver did not show very high sales.
GOOD
Black was the highest-rated by men (at 80 per cent), while women preferred silver (at 55 per cent). These colours, however, did not show very high sales.
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