Luyện ngữ pháp - English Grammar for Academic Purposes Chapter 1: Time and Action - Using Verbs))


III. THE SIMPLE TENSE

3. The Simple Present Tense

3.6 Use of Adverbs of Frequency and Time Expressions

Because the simple tense is used for actions that repeat many times over a long period of time, we sometimes talk about how often they happen.

Some things happen on a schedule. They could be a regular activity that happens at the same time every day. On the other hand, some things happen in a less regular way, so we talk about how often they happen. Here are some adverbs of frequency. The adverbs of frequency below start with most frequent at the top and go to the least frequent at the bottom. Percentage is approximate.

Adverb Frequency
always100%
almost always90%
frequently80%
usually75%
often60%
quite often55%
sometimes50%
occasionally35-40%
infrequently20%
seldom10%
rarely5%
hardly ever5%
almost never3%
never0%

In the simple tense, everything that happens in the present was also true in the past and will probably be true in the future.

When we use the simple present tense, it automatically happens in the general area of time called 'the present'. Specific time words are not usually used, except for giving facts about time or talking about repeated activities at a certain time.

We do use adverbs of frequency.

Abdul attends university.

The snake is long.

The earth goes around the sun.

The bank opens at 10:00 a.m.

She goes to class on Tuesdays.

Explanation Examples
Adverbs of frequency are one of the time expressions in English.
• Adverbs of frequency tell how often something happens.		 a. I usually study in the library.
b. They almost never have a party.
c. We often go skiing in the winter.
Adverbs of frequency usually go before the verb, as in (a) and (b).
• However, like some other adverbs, they can be placed at the end of a sentence after the verb (c) or after the object of a verb (d), if there is an object.
• With negative multi-word time expressions (hardly ever, almost never—in bold above), they go before the verb and not after the verb (e).
• In the negative form, they usually go between don't/doesn't and the main verb, as in (f).		 a. The bank usually opens at nine.
b. I almost always text my friends, and I almost never call them and talk to them.
c. I call often.
d. I drink coffee often.
e. I drink coffee almost never.
f. I don't usually drink tea.
Examples of others include: every day, twice a week, three times a year, every second week, etc.
• These multi-word time expressions are used like adverbs of frequency to describe habits and repeated actions.
• They go after the verb if there is no object of the verb (a), and they go after the object if there is an object of the verb (b).		 a. Her family is quite rich and goes to Hawaii every year.
b. I clean my room twice a week.
When an adverb of frequency is used to modify an adjective, it comes before the adjective, as in (a) and (b). a. She is almost always quick to return a text message.
b. The clothes at this store are almost always cheap.

Exercise 1: Write the correct form of the verb/time expression in the blank.

The Spread of Slang
Nhập câu trả lời vào ô trống.

1. Slang is an informal form of speech. It is (1) use, almost always by a culture within a culture—a subculture.
Trả lời:

2. It's more common with teens, because teenagers (2) want, always to have an identity.
Trả lời:

3. Teens (3) identify, always more with their friends then with their parents or family.
Trả lời:

4. They would (4) want, never to use the same slang that their parents used back in the old days.
Trả lời:

5. In the past, teenagers would (5) hear, sometimes on a movie, a TV show or in a song on the radio.
Trả lời:

6. Those TV shows were (6) produced, almost always in California.
Trả lời:

7. Many people in California (7) try, usually to look and sound current or cool.
Trả lời:

8. So, young people like to pick up new slang that starts there. One of the coolest sub-cultures in Los Angeles, where most movies and TV shows were made, was the beach sub-culture. Surfing in the waves was a big part of the Beach subculture, and many surfers were teenagers, so they would (8) make up, often new words or use words in new ways.
Trả lời:

9. They would (9) call, sometimes their friends 'dude'—as in "Hey dude, what are you doing after school?"
Trả lời:

Exercise 2: Describe your present life

Describe your present life as someone who is new in your country. OR Describe your life after high school—your life as an adult.
Nhập câu trả lời vào ô trống.

1. Descriptions/Normal Life: List five things that were typical things that happen in your life as an adult (how is different from your life as a child or teenager) OR your life as someone who is new to this country.




2. Facts and Definitions: List five things that are important for an adult to do in order to survive and do well in the adult world. What does it mean to be an adult?




3. Habits/Repeated Activities: List five habits that help an adult to do well as an adult. What things should they do regularly.
- 3.5 Writing the Negative of the Verb and Emphasizing the Positive with the Helping Verb Do/Does and Don’t/Doesn’t - 4. The Simple Past Tense


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