Luyện ngữ pháp - English Grammar (Lesson 14: Imperative Sentences))


IMPERATIVE SENTENCES.

Exercise.

Instructions / Hướng dẫn: Tell what the following imperative sentences denote. Select the predicate verbs, and the subjects whenever they are expressed. Select also the terms of address.

Cho biết các câu mệnh lệnh sau đây diễn tả điều gì. Chọn động từ vị ngữ và chủ ngữ khi chúng được diễn đạt. Chọn cả các từ gọi.

  1. Open everything, go everywhere except to this little room.
  2. Come and hold this skein of yarn for me.
  3. Go and wash Kala Nag, and attend to his ears, and see that there are no thorns in his feet.
  4. Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.
  5. Rouse to some high and holy work of love.
  6. Don't you show your face here with a pocket on you. If your heavy pants have any in 'em, rip 'em out.
  7. Give freely and receive, but take from none By greed, or force, or fraud, what is his own.
  8. Learn to box, to ride, to pull an oar, and to swim.
  9. Polly dear, say good morning to Mrs. Chatterton, and then run away.
  10. Do the work first which is next at hand.
  11. Turn again, Whittington, Lord Mayor of London.
  12. O Lord of Hosts, provide a champion for thy people.
  13. O brave marsh Mary-buds, rich and yellow, Give me your money to hold.
  14. O Cuckoopint, toll me the purple clapper That hangs in your clear, green bell.

Account for the commas in sentences 1, 3, 8, 9, and 11. / Giải thích cách sử dụng dấu phẩy trong các câu 1, 3, 8, 9 và 11.

Write your answers here / Viết câu trả lời của bạn ở đây:

Sample Answers (Suggested) / Đáp án gợi ý

1. Commands. Predicate verbs: Open, go. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: none. Commas separate the two commands.

Giải thích: Mệnh lệnh. Động từ vị ngữ: Open, go. Chủ ngữ: you (ngầm hiểu). Không có từ gọi. Dấu phẩy phân tách hai mệnh lệnh.

2. Commands. Predicate verbs: Come, hold. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: none.

3. Commands. Predicate verbs: Go, wash, attend, see. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: none. Commas separate the series of commands.

4. Advice/warning. Predicate verb: count (with do not). Subject: you (understood).

5. Exhortation. Predicate verb: Rouse. Subject: you (understood).

6. Commands. Predicate verbs: show, rip. Subject: you (expressed after don't).

7. Advice. Predicate verbs: Give, receive, take. Subject: you (understood).

8. Advice. Predicate verbs: Learn, box, ride, pull, swim. Subject: you (understood). Commas separate the series of infinitives and the final and.

9. Command. Predicate verbs: say, run. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: Polly dear (base word: Polly).

10. Advice. Predicate verb: Do. Subject: you (understood).

11. Command. Predicate verb: Turn. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: Whittington (base word: Whittington), Lord Mayor of London is in apposition.

12. Entreaty. Predicate verb: provide. Subject: thou (understood from the vocative Lord). Term of address: Lord of Hosts (base word: Lord).

13. Request. Predicate verb: Give. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: brave marsh Mary-buds (base word: Mary-buds).

14. Request. Predicate verb: toll. Subject: you (understood). Term of address: Cuckoopint (base word: Cuckoopint).

Commas explanation:
Sentence 1: Commas separate the two commands (Open everything and go everywhere except to this little room).
Sentence 3: Commas separate the series of commands (wash Kala Nag, attend to his ears, see that there are no thorns in his feet).
Sentence 8: Commas separate the series of infinitives (to box, to ride, to pull an oar, to swim).
Sentence 9: Commas set off the term of address Polly dear.
Sentence 11: Commas set off the term of address Whittington and the appositive Lord Mayor of London.
- Theory


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