REVIEW OF VERBS: PARSING.

Exercise.

1. If you have a Halloween party, shall you invite the Cromers?
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   have — irregular (have, had, had); transitive; active; indicative; present; 2nd; singular; simple subject: you; direct object: party.
   shall invite — regular (invite, invited, invited); transitive; active; indicative (interrogative); future; 1st; plural; interrogative; simple subject: I (we implied? Actually "I" — but in the sentence it's "shall I" — subject is "I" — it's part of "shall I invite"); direct object: the Cromers.
   Giải thích: "have" là động từ chính ở thì hiện tại; "shall invite" là động từ ở thì tương lai dạng nghi vấn.

2. At first the chemist said he couldn't do anything about it; but when Agamemnon said they would pay in gold if he would only go, he packed up his bottles in a leather case, and went back with the Peterkins.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   said — irregular (say, said, said); transitive; active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: chemist; direct object: mệnh đề "he couldn't do anything about it".
   couldn't do — irregular (do, did, done); transitive; active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; direct object: anything.
   said — irregular (say, said, said); transitive; active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: Agamemnon; direct object: mệnh đề "they would pay in gold if he would only go".
   would pay — regular (pay, paid, paid); transitive; active; indicative; past (would = past of will); 3rd; plural; simple subject: they; direct object: (implied) gold (or "in gold" is adverbial).
   would go — irregular (go, went, gone); intransitive; active; subjunctive (condition, uncertain); past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; no complement.
   packed up — regular (pack, packed, packed); transitive; active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; direct object: bottles.
   went back — irregular (go, went, gone); intransitive; active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; no complement.
   Giải thích: Phân tích tất cả các động từ trong câu, phân biệt ngoại động/nội động và thì.

3. Faith's journeys end is welcome to the weary, And heaven, the heart's true home, will come at last.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   is — irregular (be, was/were, been); intransitive (being); active; indicative; present; 3rd; singular; simple subject: end; subjective complement: welcome.
   will come — irregular (come, came, come); intransitive (action); active; indicative; future; 3rd; singular; simple subject: heaven; no complement.
   Giải thích: "is" chỉ trạng thái, "will come" chỉ hành động trong tương lai.

4. We are going to have a tile well, and Mr. Jones is going to oversee the men who dig it.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   are going to have — irregular (have, had, had); transitive; active; indicative; present (progressive form indicating intention); 1st; plural; progressive (with "going to"); simple subject: We; direct object: well.
   is going to oversee — regular (oversee, oversaw, overseen — actually oversee is regular: oversee, oversaw? No, it's regular: oversee, oversaw, overseen? Actually "oversee" is regular: oversee, oversaw? Wait, it's actually "oversee, oversaw, overseen" — but it's treated as regular); transitive; active; indicative; present (progressive form indicating intention); 3rd; singular; progressive; simple subject: Mr. Jones; direct object: men.
   dig — irregular (dig, dug, dug); transitive; active; indicative; present; 3rd; plural; simple subject: who (referring to men); direct object: it.
   Giải thích: "are going to have" và "is going to oversee" diễn tả ý định tương lai.

5. This woodchuck was neither handsome nor interesting, but he knew how to take care of himself.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   was — irregular (be, was/were, been); intransitive (being); active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: woodchuck; subjective complement: handsome nor interesting (compound adjective complement).
   knew — irregular (know, knew, known); transitive; active; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; direct object: mệnh đề "how to take care of himself".
   Giải thích: "was" liên kết với bổ ngữ; "knew" có tân ngữ là mệnh đề.

6. Sheep are usually kept in flocks of from one thousand to three thousand under one or more shepherds.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   are kept — irregular (keep, kept, kept); transitive; passive; indicative; present; 3rd; plural; simple subject: Sheep; no complement (passive verb).
   Giải thích: "are kept" là bị động, chủ ngữ "Sheep" nhận hành động.

7. Rabbits telegraph each other by thumping on the ground with their hind feet.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   telegraph — regular (telegraph, telegraphed, telegraphed); transitive; active; indicative; present; 3rd; plural; simple subject: Rabbits; direct object: each other (idiomatic phrase used as object).
   Giải thích: "telegraph" là ngoại động với tân ngữ "each other".

8. Lady Moon, Lady Moon, where are you roving?
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   are roving — regular (rove, roved, roved); intransitive (action); active; indicative (interrogative); present (progressive form); 2nd; singular; progressive; simple subject: you (Lady Moon); no complement.
   Giải thích: "are roving" là thì hiện tại tiếp diễn dạng nghi vấn, diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra.

9. Breast the wave, Christian, when it is strongest. Watch for day, Christian, when the night's longest.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   Breast — regular (breast, breasted, breasted) — but "breast" here is used as a verb meaning "to face"; transitive; active; imperative; present; 2nd; singular; simple subject: thou (you, understood); direct object: wave.
   is — irregular (be, was/were, been); intransitive (being); active; indicative; present; 3rd; singular; simple subject: it (the wave); subjective complement: strongest.
   Watch — regular (watch, watched, watched); intransitive (action) — can also be transitive; imperative; present; 2nd; singular; simple subject: thou (you, understood); no complement (or "for day" is adverbial).
   's (is) — irregular (be, was/were, been); intransitive (being); active; indicative; present; 3rd; singular; simple subject: night; subjective complement: longest.
   Giải thích: Các động từ mệnh lệnh "Breast" và "Watch" có chủ ngữ "you" được hiểu ngầm; "is" và "'s" chỉ trạng thái.

10. Even so did men talk round the king's cages at Oodeypore.
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    did talk — regular (talk, talked, talked); intransitive (action); active; indicative (emphatic form); past; 3rd; plural; emphatic; simple subject: men; no complement.
    Giải thích: "did talk" là dạng nhấn mạnh của thì quá khứ.

11. Your Uncle Nathan and I used to be called the bothering Bodleys, because we were always teasing to find out something.
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    used to be called — regular (call, called, called) — "used to" is a verb phrase; transitive; passive; indicative; past (habitual); 1st; plural; simple subject: Your Uncle Nathan and I (compound); objective complement becomes subjective complement: the bothering Bodleys.
    were teasing — regular (tease, teased, teased); transitive? Actually here it's transitive (with "to find out something" as purpose) — but "teasing" is an action; intransitive (action); active; indicative; past (progressive); 1st; plural; progressive; simple subject: we; no complement (or "to find out something" is adverbial).
    Giải thích: "used to be called" chỉ thói quen trong quá khứ bị động; "were teasing" là quá khứ tiếp diễn.

12. The Peterkins had been so busy inside the house that they had not noticed the ceasing of the storm outside.
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    had been — irregular (be, was/were, been); intransitive (being); active; indicative; past perfect; 3rd; plural; simple subject: Peterkins; subjective complement: busy.
    had not noticed — regular (notice, noticed, noticed); transitive; active; indicative; past perfect; 3rd; plural; simple subject: they (Peterkins); direct object: the ceasing of the storm.
    Giải thích: "had been" chỉ trạng thái trong quá khứ; "had not noticed" là quá khứ hoàn thành.

13. For thou, Lord, wilt give thy blessing unto the righteous, and with thy favorable kindness wilt thou defend him as with a shield.
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    wilt give — irregular (give, gave, given); transitive; active; indicative (archaic); future; 2nd; singular; simple subject: thou; indirect object: unto the righteous; direct object: thy blessing.
    wilt defend — regular (defend, defended, defended); transitive; active; indicative (interrogative, archaic); future; 2nd; singular; interrogative (with inversion); simple subject: thou; direct object: him.
    Giải thích: "wilt" là dạng cổ của "will" với ngôi thứ hai số ít "thou".

14. My father's, like every other young ladies' school near a village, was very much disturbed by the attentions of the village young men.
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    was disturbed — regular (disturb, disturbed, disturbed); transitive; passive; indicative; past; 3rd; singular; simple subject: school (implied after "father's"); no complement (passive verb).
    Giải thích: "was disturbed" là bị động, chủ ngữ nhận hành động.

15. If any man have a hundred sheep, and one of them be gone astray, doth he not leave the ninety and nine and go into the mountains and seek that which goeth astray?
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    have — irregular (have, had, had); transitive; active; subjunctive (condition, uncertain); present; 3rd; singular; simple subject: man; direct object: sheep.
    be gone — irregular (go, went, gone); intransitive (action); active; subjunctive (condition, uncertain); present; 3rd; plural? Actually "one of them" is singular, so 3rd singular; simple subject: one; no complement (but "gone astray" is a phrase).
    doth leave — irregular (leave, left, left); transitive; active; indicative (interrogative); present (emphatic form with "doth" — archaic); 3rd; singular; interrogative (with "doth" at beginning); simple subject: he; direct object: the ninety and nine.
    go — irregular (go, went, gone); intransitive (action); active; indicative (infinitive without "to" after "and"? Actually "and go" — it's part of the verb phrase "doth leave ... and go" — it's an infinitive? Actually in the Bible translation it's part of the predicate — it's a verb in the same clause after "leave" — it's "he doth not leave... and go?" — so it's a verb in the present tense, 3rd singular); 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; no complement.
    seek — regular (seek, sought, sought — actually seek is irregular: seek, sought, sought); transitive; active; indicative (part of the same clause); 3rd; singular; simple subject: he; direct object: that which goeth astray.
    goeth — irregular (go, went, gone); intransitive (action); active; indicative (archaic); present; 3rd; singular; simple subject: which (referring to "that" — the sheep); no complement (but "astray" is adverbial).
    Giải thích: Các động từ "have" và "be" ở thể giả định trong mệnh đề điều kiện; "doth leave", "go", "seek" ở thể trình bày.

16. They were sitting round the breakfast table and wondering what they should do because the lady from Philadelphia had gone away.
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    were sitting — regular (sit, sat, sat — actually sit is irregular: sit, sat, sat); intransitive (action); active; indicative; past (progressive); 3rd; plural; progressive; simple subject: They; no complement.
    wondering — regular (wonder, wondered, wondered); transitive (with "what they should do"); active; indicative; past (progressive — part of the same verb phrase with "were sitting"); 3rd; plural; progressive; simple subject: They; direct object: "what they should do".
    should do — irregular (do, did, done); transitive; active; indicative (or subjunctive? Actually it's "should do" — in indirect question); past (should is past of shall); 3rd; plural; simple subject: they; direct object: what.
    had gone — irregular (go, went, gone); intransitive (action); active; indicative; past perfect; 3rd; singular; simple subject: lady; no complement (but "away" is adverbial).
    Giải thích: Các động từ được phân tích theo thì và dạng.