PARSING OF VERBS.

Exercise.

1. What are you smiling at, Lady Mother?
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   are smiling — regular verb (smile, smiled, smiled); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode; present tense (progressive form); second person; singular (you); progressive conjugation; simple subject: you (understood); no complement.
   Giải thích: "are smiling" là động từ có quy tắc, nội động chỉ hành động, dạng chủ động, thể trình bày, thì hiện tại tiếp diễn, ngôi 2 số ít, chủ ngữ "you".

2. The shades were lowered at the windows, the lamps were lighted, the great family table was drawn towards the fire.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   were lowered — regular verb (lower, lowered, lowered); transitive; passive voice; indicative mode; past tense; third person; plural; simple subject: shades; no complement (passive verb).
   were lighted — regular verb (light, lighted, lighted); transitive; passive voice; indicative mode; past tense; third person; plural; simple subject: lamps; no complement (passive verb).
   was drawn — irregular verb (draw, drew, drawn); transitive; passive voice; indicative mode; past tense; third person; singular; simple subject: table; no complement (passive verb).
   Giải thích: Cả ba động từ đều ở dạng bị động, thì quá khứ, chỉ hành động được thực hiện lên chủ ngữ.

3. When he went out from the village at the head of his men one fine day, while the sun was shining brightly, and the birds were singing, he did not neglect a single one of the many things which he had been told always brought good luck to the hunting.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   went — irregular verb (go, went, gone); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode; past tense; third person; singular; simple subject: he; no complement.
   was shining — regular verb (shine, shone, shone — but here it's irregular; principal parts: shine, shone, shone); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode; past tense (progressive form); third person; singular; progressive conjugation; simple subject: sun; no complement.
   were singing — irregular verb (sing, sang, sung); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode; past tense (progressive form); third person; plural; progressive conjugation; simple subject: birds; no complement.
   did neglect — regular verb (neglect, neglected, neglected); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; past tense (emphatic form); third person; singular; emphatic conjugation; simple subject: he; direct object: a single one of the many things.
   had been told — irregular verb (tell, told, told); transitive; passive voice; indicative mode; past perfect tense; third person; plural (agrees with "things" but "which" is the subject of the clause); simple subject: which (referring to "things"); no complement (passive verb).
   brought — irregular verb (bring, brought, brought); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; past tense; third person; plural (referring to "things"); simple subject: which (referring to "things"); direct object: good luck.
   Giải thích: Các động từ được phân tích theo thì, thể, dạng và chức năng trong câu.

4. "No," said Mrs. Howe, "I don't enjoy moving, but the children do. They have been transporting clocks, and pictures, and lamps all the forenoon, when they haven't been loading the dray, but they don't seem a bit tired."
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   said — irregular verb (say, said, said); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; past tense; third person; singular; simple subject: Mrs. Howe; direct object: the quotation.
   don't enjoy — regular verb (enjoy, enjoyed, enjoyed); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; present tense (emphatic form, negative); first person; singular; emphatic conjugation; simple subject: I; direct object: moving (gerund).
   do — used as a principal verb here (meaning "enjoy moving"); regular verb (do, did, done — but do is irregular); intransitive (action) — elliptical; active voice; indicative mode; present tense (emphatic form); third person; plural; emphatic conjugation; simple subject: children; no complement (verb stands alone).
   have been transporting — regular verb (transport, transported, transported); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; present perfect tense (progressive form); third person; plural; progressive conjugation; simple subject: They (children); direct object: clocks, and pictures, and lamps.
   haven't been loading — regular verb (load, loaded, loaded); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; present perfect tense (progressive form, negative); third person; plural; progressive conjugation; simple subject: they; direct object: the dray.
   don't seem — regular verb (seem, seemed, seemed); intransitive (being); active voice; indicative mode; present tense (emphatic form, negative); third person; plural; emphatic conjugation; simple subject: they; subjective complement: tired (adjective).
   Giải thích: Các động từ được phân tích theo thì, thể, dạng và bổ ngữ tương ứng.

5. What shall it profit a man if he gain the whole world and lose his own soul?
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   shall profit — regular verb (profit, profited, profited); transitive; active voice; indicative mode (interrogative form); future tense; third person; singular; interrogative conjugation; simple subject: it; indirect object: a man; direct object: (implied) — "what".
   gain — regular verb (gain, gained, gained); transitive; active voice; subjunctive mode (condition, uncertain); present tense; third person; singular; simple subject: he; direct object: the whole world.
   lose — regular verb (lose, lost, lost); transitive; active voice; subjunctive mode (condition, uncertain); present tense; third person; singular; simple subject: he; direct object: his own soul.
   Giải thích: "gain" và "lose" ở thể giả định vì diễn tả điều kiện không chắc chắn; "shall profit" ở thể trình bày tương lai.

6. Child, was not your father called Mustapha the tailor?
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   was called — regular verb (call, called, called); transitive; passive voice; indicative mode (interrogative form, negative); past tense; third person; singular; interrogative conjugation; simple subject: father; objective complement becomes subjective complement: Mustapha the tailor.
   Giải thích: "was called" là bị động, thì quá khứ, "Mustapha the tailor" là bổ ngữ chủ ngữ.

7. Do look at those gateposts!
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   Do look — regular verb (look, looked, looked); intransitive (action); active voice; imperative mode; present tense; second person; singular (you understood); emphatic conjugation; simple subject: you (understood); no complement.
   Giải thích: "Do look" là mệnh lệnh nhấn mạnh, dạng nhấn mạnh của thể mệnh lệnh.

8. The hens had been mysteriously disappearing for over a month.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   had been disappearing — regular verb (disappear, disappeared, disappeared); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode; past perfect tense (progressive form); third person; plural; progressive conjugation; simple subject: hens; no complement.
   Giải thích: "had been disappearing" là thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn, chỉ hành động kéo dài trong quá khứ.

9. Stir not a step till I come again.
   Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

   Stir — regular verb (stir, stirred, stirred); intransitive (action); active voice; imperative mode (negative); second person; singular (you understood); simple subject: you (understood); no complement.
   come — irregular verb (come, came, come); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode (used in a temporal clause); present tense; first person; singular; simple subject: I; no complement.
   Giải thích: "Stir" là mệnh lệnh phủ định; "come" ở thể trình bày hiện tại chỉ hành động trong tương lai.

10. Do you wonder that I missed a word in spelling?
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    Do wonder — regular verb (wonder, wondered, wondered); intransitive (action); active voice; indicative mode (interrogative form, emphatic); present tense; second person; singular; emphatic/interrogative conjugation; simple subject: you; no complement.
    missed — regular verb (miss, missed, missed); transitive; active voice; indicative mode; past tense; first person; singular; simple subject: I; direct object: a word.
    Giải thích: "Do wonder" là dạng nghi vấn nhấn mạnh; "missed" là quá khứ đơn.

11. Son, have any told thee that thou art beautiful beyond all men?
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    have told — irregular verb (tell, told, told); transitive; active voice; indicative mode (interrogative form); present perfect tense; third person; plural; interrogative conjugation; simple subject: any; direct object: thee (indirect object), and the noun clause "that thou art beautiful..." (direct object).
    art — irregular verb (be, was/were, been); intransitive (being); active voice; indicative mode; present tense; second person; singular; simple subject: thou; subjective complement: beautiful (adjective).
    Giải thích: "have told" là hiện tại hoàn thành nghi vấn; "art" là động từ to be ở ngôi 2 số ít.

12. Hadn't you been putting on airs?
    Sample Answer / Đáp án gợi ý

    Had been putting — irregular verb (put, put, put); transitive; active voice; indicative mode (interrogative form, negative); past perfect tense (progressive form); second person; singular; progressive/interrogative conjugation; simple subject: you; direct object: airs.
    Giải thích: "Had been putting" là quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn, dạng nghi vấn phủ định, diễn tả hành động kéo dài trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.