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English Vocabulary in Use Advance (Unit 8: Describing people: positive and negative qualities)


A. Character and personality

Chinese astrology organises years into cycles of 12, and asserts that the year you are born in affects your character. Each year is named after an animal.

Animal Year Characteristics
1972, 1984, 1996, 2008 imaginative, charming, generous, quick-tempered, opportunistic1
1973, 1985, 1997, 2009 conservative, methodical2, conscientious, chauvinistic3, a born leader
1974, 1986, 1998, 2010 sensitive, emotional, tends to get carried away4, stubborn, rebellious, courageous
1975, 1987, 1999, 2011 affectionate, obliging5, sentimental, superficial6, often insecure7
1976, 1988, 2000, 2012 fun-loving, popular, a perfectionist8, gifted, may sometimes be tactless9
1977, 1989, 2001, 2013 charming, intuitive10, stingy
1978, 1990, 2002, 2014 diligent11, independent, placid12, outgoing, can be selfish and cunning
1979, 1991, 2003, 2015 elegant, artistic, always ready to complain, over-anxious
1980, 1992, 2004, 2016 witty, magnetic personality13, good company, can be distrustful14
1981, 1993, 2005, 2017 industrious, shrewd15, supportive16, decisive, extravagant17
1982, 1994, 2006, 2018 down-to-earth18, altruistic19, morose20, sharp-tongued21
1983, 1995, 2007, 2019 intellectual, tolerant, naive22, often materialistic
  • 1 using situations for own benefit
  • 2 systematic, careful
  • 3 too patriotic
  • 4 become too excited and lose control
  • 5 ready to help
  • 6 not caring about serious things
  • 7 not confident, uncertain about your own abilities
  • 8 someone who is not satisfied if things are not 100% perfect
  • 9 inclined to say things that upset or offend people
  • 10 understanding instinctively
  • 11 hard-working
  • 12 calm, does not easily become excited or angry
  • 13 personality that attracts people to you
  • 14 not trusting, suspicious of others
  • 15 having good judgement
  • 16 gives help or encouragement
  • 17 spends too much money or uses too much of something
  • 18 practical and sensible
  • 19 thinking of others rather than yourself
  • 20 gloomy
  • 21 inclined to speak in a severe and critical way
  • 22 without enough experience of life, trusting too easily

B. Positive and negative associations

Charming, generous – is that how you think of yourself? Selfish, cunning – that can’t be me! Some words in the chart above have positive associations, others negative ones. Here are some words from the chart, together with other words that share some aspects of their meaning.

Positive Negative Positive Negative
generous, unstinting extravagant, immoderate shrewd, astute cunning, sly
resolute, dogged stubborn, obstinate sober, serious morose, sullen
thrifty, frugal stingy, parsimonious witty, pithy brusque, terse
diligent, industrious work-obsessed, (a) workaholic (noun) tolerant, open-minded unprincipled, unscrupulous
idealistic, principled dogmatic, inflexible chatty, talkative verbose, garrulous


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