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English Vocabulary in Use Pre-Intermediate (Unit 5: Country, nationality and language)


A. Who speaks what where?

country nationality language
AustraliaAustralianEnglish
BrazilBrazilianPortuguese
ChinaChineseMandarin (and Cantonese)
EgyptEgyptianArabic
FranceFrenchFrench
GermanyGermanGerman
GreeceGreekGreek
IsraelIsraeliHebrew
ItalyItalianItalian
JapanJapaneseJapanese
(South) KoreaKoreanKorean
PolandPolishPolish
RussiaRussianRussian
Saudi ArabiaSaudi ArabianArabic
SpainSpanishSpanish
SwitzerlandSwissSwiss-German, French, Italian
ThailandThaiThai
TurkeyTurkishTurkish
the UK (United Kingdom)*BritishEnglish
the USA (United States of America)AmericanEnglish

*the UK (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland)
I come from Argentina, so I’m Argentinian and my first language is Spanish. The capital is Buenos Aires, which has a population of more than 10 million people.

Common mistakes

He’s English. (NOT He’s english.); We ate French food. (NOT We ate France food.)
I went to the USA. (NOT I went to USA.) I also visited the UK. (NOT I also visited UK.)

B. Parts of the world

The continents in the world are Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Australia [Australia and New Zealand] and Antarctica.
We also use these terms for different parts of the world:
the Middle East (e.g. United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia), the Far East (e.g. Thailand, Japan), the Caribbean (e.g. Jamaica, Barbados), Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland).

C. The people

When we are talking about people from a particular country, we add ‘s’ to nationalities ending in ‘-i’ or ‘-(i)an’, but we need the definite article (the) for most others.
Brazilians/Russians
Thais/Israelis
are … The British / The French
The Swiss / The Japanese
are …

With both groups we can also use the word ‘people’, e.g. Brazilian people, British people, etc.



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